[Formation Potential of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Sources of Volatile Organic Compounds During an Air Pollution Episode in Autumn, Langfang].

A typical particulate matter pollution process occurred from October 9 to 17,2018,in Langfang,and 99 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored by using ZF-KU-1007. The characteristics of VOCs,formation potential of secondary organic aerosol (SOA),and source of VOCs were systematically analyzed. The results showed that the maximum concentration of PM2.5 was 198 µg·m-3 during the pollution process and was 2.64 times the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012). The average concentration of VOCs was 56.8×10-9,127.8×10-9,and 72.5×10-9 in the early,middle,and late stages of the pollution process,respectively,and the concentration of VOCs increased significantly in the middle stage. The formation potential of SOA was significantly positively correlated with PM2.5,and the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbon for SOA was larger and significantly correlated with the concentration of PM2.5. In the middle pollution stage,SOA increased,and the contribution ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon increased significantly. Conversely,the contribution of alkanes and olefin decreased significantly,which showed that aromatic hydrocarbons,namely benzene series,were the dominant species of SOA generation and had a great influence on the pollution process. Benzene,toluene,m-/p-xylene,o-xylene,and ethylbenzene and nonane,n-undecane,and methylcyclohexane were the priority control species in this pollution process. Solvent use source and motor vehicle emission source (gasoline and diesel vehicles) were the main sources affecting the concentration of VOCs during the autumn pollution process of Langfang,among which the contribution of gasoline vehicle emissions increased significantly in the middle pollution contribution and was the key control source.

Salt reduction behavior of adults in Anhui province in 2019: a cross-sectional survey of 3,378 participants.

Objective: A high-sodium diet is an important risk factor for hypertension in the Chinese population, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although a large number of related studies have been carried out in Anhui province, clear, effective salt reduction interventions and policies that can be widely promoted have not yet been formed. This study sought to understand the prevalence and precise measures of salt reduction behavior, the variables affecting salt reduction behavior, and the reasons why salt reduction behavior was not practiced in Anhui Province, China. Methods: The total number of participants in the study was 3,378. Using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, residents between the ages of 18 and 69 years in 10 counties and districts were selected from March to October 2019. A survey questionnaire and physical measurements were given to each participant. The influencing factors of residents' salt reduction behavior were examined using a multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analysis. The chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyze the implementation of salt reduction behaviors among different age groups and gender, the factors influencing the implementation of salt reduction measures, and the reasons for not implementing salt reduction measures. Results: A history of hypertension was associated with salt reduction strategies (P = 0.014). Patients with hypertension were more likely to adopt salt reduction behaviors than those without hypertension (OR = 1.218, P = 0.040). The influence of eating out on the adoption of salt-reduction measures varied by age group (χ2 = 50.463, P < 0.001) and gender (χ2 = 81.348, P < 0.001). Conclusion: In summary, residents of the Anhui Province are not very knowledgeable about salt reduction. Age, gender, education level, hypertension, and marital status are the main determinants. Our findings have significant implications for policymakers who want to devise salt reduction strategies.

[Research Status and Trend Analysis of Environmental and Health Risk and Control of Persistent, Mobile, and Toxic Chemicals].

Persistent, mobile, and toxic or very persistent and very mobile (PMT/vPvM) chemicals have been widely detected in surface water, groundwater, and drinking water around the world and are important emerging contaminants that may significantly affect human health and the environment in the future. According to the identification criteria proposed by the European Union, there are thousands of PMT/vPvM substances in existing chemicals, covering a wide range of applications, including dozens of high-yield industrial chemicals such as melamine. PMT/vPvM chemicals can be discharged into the environment through farmland runoff, industrial wastewater, and domestic sewage, and sewage treatment plants are currently considered to be their main discharge route. It is difficult to effectively remove PMT/vPvM chemicals through the current conventional water treatment technology; they can exist in the water circulation system of the urban human settlement environment for a long time, endangering the safety of drinking water and the ecosystem. The European Union has taken the lead in introducing PMT/vPvM chemicals specifically into the priority areas of the current chemical risk management system. At present, there are still many potential PMT/vPvM chemicals in the environment, and their monitoring methods need to be further improved. It will take time for the identification of substances, the scope of categories, and the establishment of lists. Studies on the environmental fate and exposure of PMT/vPvM in various regions of the world are still very limited, and research on the potential, long-term ecotoxicity, and human health hazard effects remains scarce. At the same time, the research and development of substitute or alternative technologies, as well as environmental engineering treatment technologies such as sewage treatment and contaminated site remediation, will become an urgent need for future PMT/vPvM risk scientific research and management decisions.

Maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles retarded fetal growth and triggered metabolic disorders of placenta and fetus in mice.

Microplastics can enter the human body via direct body contact or the food chain, increasing the likelihood of adverse impacts on pregnancy and fetal development. We investigated the potential effects and modes of action of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in placenta and fetus using mice as a model species. Maternal PS-NP exposure (100 nm; 1 and 10 mg/L) via drinking water induced a significant decline in fetal weights at the higher exposure concentration. Abnormal morphologies of cells in the placenta and fetus were observed after exposure. For the placenta, transcriptomic analyses indicated that PS-NPs significantly disturbed cholesterol metabolism and complement and coagulation cascades pathways. Metabolomics showed appreciable metabolic disorders, particularly affecting sucrose and daidzein concentrations. For the fetal skeletal muscle, transcriptomics identified many significantly regulated genes, involving muscle tissue development, lipid metabolism, and skin formation. Transcriptomic analysis of the placenta and fetal skeletal muscle at the high PS-NP concentration showed that APOA4 and its transcriptional factors, facilitating cholesterol transportation, were significantly regulated in both tissues. Our study revealed that PS-NPs caused fetal growth restriction and significantly disturbed cholesterol metabolism in both placenta and fetus, offering new insights into the mechanisms underlying the placental and fetal effects in mice exposed to PS-NPs.

Chinese Medicine Intervenes in NLRP3 Inflammasome in Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The prevalence of osteoporosis， osteoarthritis， gouty arthritis， rheumatoid arthritis， and intervertebral disc degeneration is increasing year by year with the growing number of elderly people， and the common clinical manifestations of these diseases include severe pain in different areas， which seriously affects the daily life of the patients. Therefore， how to relieve the pain and reduce the prevalence of bone and joint diseases and improve the quality of life of the patients is a hot spot in the medical field. Studies have confirmed that NOD-like receptor family， pyrin domain-containing protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasomes， as pattern recognition receptors， are involved in the inflammation， chondrocyte proliferation， osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation， intervertebral disc cell inflammation and scorching， extracellular matrix degradation and apoptosis， mitochondrial dysfunction， endoplasmic reticulum stress， and reactive oxygen species damage， demonstrating close link with the development of bone and joint diseases. Chinese medicine has a long history and demonstrates remarkable therapeutic effects in the treatment of bone and joint diseases. It can mitigate the pathological changes of bone and joint diseases by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes to alleviate the pain， playing a role in preventing and treating these diseases. Therefore， this paper briefly describes the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasomes and the development of bone and joint diseases by reviewing the latest research progress at home and abroad. We summarize the latest studies about the active components， extracts， and compound prescriptions of Chinese medicines in the treatment of bone and joint diseases via regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes. This review is expected to offer new insights into the in-depth research on the pathogenesis and drug treatment of bone and joint diseases and provide a basis for the clinical application of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of such diseases.

Glycemic control and its influencing factors in type 2 diabetes patients in Anhui, China.

Objective: To investigate the status of glycemic control and analyze its influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Anhui, China. Methods: 1,715 T2D patients aged 18-75 years old were selected from 4 counties or districts in Anhui Province in 2018, using a convenience sampling method. All patients have undergone a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test. According to the 2022 American Diabetes Association criteria, HbA1c was used to evaluate the glycemic control status of patients, and HbA1c < 7.0% was defined as good glycemic control. The influencing factors of glycemic control were analyzed by multivariate unconditional logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of good glycemic control among people with T2D in the Anhui Province was low (22.97%). On univariate analysis, gender, education level, occupation, region, smoking, drinking, waist circumference and disease duration (all P < 0.05) were significantly associated with glycemic control. The factors associated with pool glycemic control were female gender [OR = 0.67, 95%CI (0.52, 0.86), P = 0.001], higher level of education [OR = 0.47, 95%CI (0.27, 0.83), P = 0.001], living in rural areas [OR = 1.77, 95%CI (1.39, 2.26), P < 0.001], central obesity [OR = 1.58, 95%CI (1.19, 2.09), P = 0.001] and longer duration of disease [OR = 2.66, 95%CI (1.91, 3.69), P < 0.001]. Conclusions: The prevalence of good glycemic control in people with T2D in Anhui Province was relatively low, and gender, region, education level, central obesity and course of the disease were influencing factors. The publicity and education on the importance of glycemic control should be further strengthened in T2D patients, and targeted intervention measures should be carried out for risk groups.

The detection rate and influencing factors of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Anhui, China: A cross-sectional study of 99,821 residents.

Objective: To investigate the detection rate and influencing factors of high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Anhui province. Methods: From March 2017 to August 2019, the residents aged 35-75 years old were selected using the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in 8 counties and districts of Anhui Province, and questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurement, and collection of biological samples were carried out among them. Results: A total of 99,821 residents in Anhui Province were finally investigated, and among them 21,426 residents were detected to be high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease. The detection rate of high-risk groups was 21.46%. According to the high-risk types, the high-risk groups can be clustered. 74.57% of them had only one high-risk type, 22.57% of them had two high-risk types, and 2.86% had three or more high-risk types. The results of Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) showed that male, age ≥45 years old, not married, occupation as a farmer, annual family income <25,000 yuan, drinking, overweight and obesity, pre-central obesity and central obesity, snoring, feeling fatigued, sleepiness, and self-reported history of diabetes were more likely to be risk factors of cardiovascular disease (all P value < 0.05). Conclusion: The detection rate of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Anhui Province is relatively high. Individualized intervention measures as well as comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be adopted focusing on the distribution characteristics of risk factors of high-risk groups.

[Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds in August in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Area].

Continuous sampling using the tank sampling method were conducted in Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtan cities from August 18 to 27, 2020, and 106 VOCs species were analyzed using GC-MS analysis. Then, the regional VOCs concentrations, generation potential, and source of VOCs were studied. The results showed that the average φ(VOCs) was (20.5±10.5)×10-9 in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area, in which OVOCs (33.5%) and alkanes (28.2%) accounted for the highest proportion. The ozone formation potential (OFP) of VOCs was 118.5 µg·m-3, and the contributions of aromatic hydrocarbons, olefin, and OVOCs to OFP were 37.4%, 24.2%, and 23.6%, respectively. The average secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAp) of the VOCs was 0.5 µg·m-3, and the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to SOAp was 97.0%, among which C8 aromatic hydrocarbons contributed 41.7%. Toluene, m/p-xylene, and o-xylene were the common dominant species that contributed significantly to OFP and SOAp. The characteristic ratio results showed that VOCs in Changsha were relatively influenced by industrial processes and solvent use, whereas Zhuzhou and Xiangtan were more affected by coal and biomass combustion. The PMF results showed that the VOCs mainly came from vehicle exhaust and oil and gas volatilization (27.2%), coal and biomass combustion (23.7%), industrial processes (20.4%), solvent use (17.2%), and natural sources (11.5%) in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area.

Serum molecular biomarkers in neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare and severe inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), which mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. The aims of this study were to determine whether the expression levels of serological cytokines could distinguish 1) NMOSD from healthy controls (HCs); and 2) NMOSD patients with and without the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody biomarker from each other; and 3) NMOSD patients without the antibody to AQP4 from MS patients. METHODS: The expression levels of 200 proteins in serum from 41 NMOSD (32 with antibodies to AQP4, 9 without antibodies to AQP4), 12 MS patients, and 34 HCs were measured using glass-based antibody arrays. None of the patients received any immunosuppressive treatment. In parallel, the correlation between protein expression in NMOSD/MS patients and clinical traits was determined with Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). RESULTS: Thirty-nine serological proteins were differentially expressed in NMOSD patients compared to HCs, with 29 of these proteins not observed in MS patients. In addition, the data reveal 15 differentially-expression proteins (DEPs) between AQP4-IgG seronegative and AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD patients, and 9 DEPs between NMOSD and MS patients who did not have AQP4-IgG. CONCLUSION: Serological IL-17B is significantly upregulated in both NMOSD and MS patients compared to HCs, and could be a key biomarker of NMOSD and MS. Serological VEGF, MPIF-1 and NrCAM were positively associated with AQP4-IgG titer. We also demonstrate that EGF may be involved in the breakdown of the BBB by downregulating Claudin-5.

The predictive value of the distance between the placenta and the internal os of the cervix in second trimester to placenta previa / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the predictive value of the distance between the placenta and the internal os of the cervix (IOD) in second trimester to placenta previa.Methods:476 pregnant women with placenta previa diagnosed by systematic ultrasound in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2016 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The ultrasonic parameters such as IOD, cervical length and placental main attachment position were measured, and the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcome were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of placenta previa from mild pregnancy to late pregnancy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of IOD value for placenta previa.Results:197 cases of placenta previa were diagnosed in this study. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the number of previous pregnancies, IOD and history of cesarean section were the related factors of placenta previa from mid pregnancy to late pregnancy ( P<0.05). The risk of placenta previa in pregnant women ≥3 pregnancies was 1.826 times that in pregnant women with less than 3 pregnancies. The risk of placenta previa when the lower edge of placenta covers and crosses the internal orifice of cervix (IOD<0 mm) was 11.494 times that of IOD=0 mm and 22.222 times that of IOD>0 mm<20 mm (low placenta). The risk of placenta previa in pregnant women with a history of cesarean section was 1.908 times that of pregnant women without a history of cesarean section. When the cutoff value of IDO was 20 mm, all pregnant women with placenta previa could be screened out in the group with cesarean section history and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.840 (95% CI: 0.783-0.896, P<0.05); When the cutoff value of IOD was 13.5 mm, all pregnant women with placenta previa could be screened in the group without cesarean section history, and the AUC was 0.814 (95% CI: 0.759-0.869, P<0.05). Conclusions:The second trimester IOD has a good predictive value for placenta previa.

Influencing factors of medication adherence in patients with severe mental disorders in Zhengzhou / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the status and influencing factors of medication adherence in patients with severe mental disorders in Zhengzhou， so as to provide references for the formulation of prevention and treatment measures for severe mental disorders. MethodsFrom March to June 2021， a stratified multistage cluster sampling method was applied to select 342 patients from the National Information System for Severe Mental Disorders in Zhengzhou. The general demographic data of patients were collected via self-designed questionnaire， and the medication status was investigated， then the influential factors were summarized. The differences in influential factors of medication adherence were compared between the medication adherence group and the medication non-adherence group. Thereafter， Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the factors influencing medication adherence. ResultsA total of 320 patients were included in the final analysis， altogether 76.56% of patients （n=245） complied with medication. The differences between patients in the medication adherence group and those in the medication non-adherence group were statistically significant in terms of residence， occupation， and outpatient chronic disease reimbursement （χ2=14.015， 7.502， 13.106， P<0.05 or 0.01）. In the questionnaire of influential factors on medication adherence， there were statistically significant differences in the scores of lack of insight， stigma and drug-related factors between the two groups （Z=7.588， 2.379， 2.893， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Outpatient chronic disease reimbursement was a protective factor for medication adherence （OR=2.727， 95% CI： 1.320~5.634， P<0.01）， while rural residence （OR=0.465， 95% CI： 0.221~0.977， P<0.05） and lack of insight （OR=0.398， 95% CI： 0.286~0.553， P<0.01） were risk factors for medication adherence. ConclusionPatients with severe mental disorders in Zhengzhou have a high rate of medication adherence， moreover， the outpatient chronic disease reimbursement， lack of insight and residence may be influencing factors for medication adherence in patients with severe mental disorders.

Fundus manifestations and follow-up on 33 cases of pediatric patients with incontinentia pigmenti / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To analyze the ocular clinical manifestations especially retinopathy of pediatric patients with incontinentia pigmenti(IP).METHODS: Clinical data of 33 patients diagnosed with IP from January 2014 to December 2018 in Hunan Children's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The follow-up was 1a. All the patients underwent ocular examinations and systemic physical examinations. Patients received treatments according to their fundus condition.RESULTS:Totally 31 female patients and 2 male patients, who aged from 5d-23mo at first visit, with the average age 3.38±5.02mo. There were 14 patients had ocular anomalies, including corneal opacity(1 case, 1 eye), cataract(1 case, 1 eye), exotropia(2 cases, 2 eyes)and retinopathy(14 cases, 23 eyes). In the 14 patients with ocular anomalies, one patient died due to neuropathy, one patient underwent vitrectomy in the right eye and fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA)combined with retinal laser photocoagulation in the left eye, one patient had lensectomy and vitrectomy in the right eye and FFA combined with retinal laser photocoagulation in the left eye during the follow-up. At the last follow-up, one of the 13 surviving patients with ocular anomalies had retinopathy of IP stage 1, while retinal lesions regressed in other patients.CONCLUSION:The ocular manifestations of IP are diverse, which is identified with retinopathy. Standard ophthalmic fundus screening and regular follow-up are of great significance.

[Characteristics and Source of VOCs During O3 Pollution Between August to September, Langfang Development Zones].

A total of 99 volatile organic compound(VOC) species were detected the Langfang development zones based on continuous monitoring using a ZF-PKU-1007 between August 25 and September 30, 2018. The concentrations, reactivity, and sources of VOCs were studied under different O3 concentrations using compositional analysis. The results showed that the average VOCs concentration during the research period was(75.17±38.67)×10-9, and was(112.33±30.96)×10-9, (66.25±34.84)×10-9 on pollution days and cleaning days, respectively(VOCs concentrations were 69.6% higher on pollution days). The contribution of VOCs species to the ozone formation potential(OFP) were ranked in the order aldehydes > aromatics > alkenes > alkanes. In the case of L·OH, the main contributions were from aromatics(30.0%) and alkenes(25.8%) on pollution days, while the contribution from aromatic alkenes(29.8%) was a slightly higher than aromatics(28.0%) on cleaning days. By applying the positive matrix factorization(PMF) model, five major VOCs sources were extracted, namely vehicle emissions(34.4%), solvent usage and evaporation(31.7%), the petrochemical industry(15.7%), combustion(11.1%), and plant emissions(7.9%). The contributions of solvent usage and evaporation and plant emission sources on pollution days were 13.1% and 1.2% higher than on cleaning days, respectively, which was likely due to relatively higher temperatures on these days. Therefore, vehicle emissions and solvent usage and evaporation should be priorities in VOCs control strategies for the Langfang development zones between August to September.

Combination of Dydrogesterone and Antibiotic Versus Antibiotic Alone for Chronic Endometritis: a Randomized Controlled Trial Study.

To evaluate the impact of dydrogesterone in the treatment of chronic endometritis with antibiotic treatment in premenopausal women. A total of 188 chronic endometritis patients diagnosed by syndecan-1 (CD138) expression were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial study. Dydrogesterone and doxycycline were given in the treatment group, while single antibiotic was given in the control group. CD138, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor expression in samples of the endometrium was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Comparison of chronic endometritis cure rate between groups was performed based on conversion of CD138 expression from positive to negative. The 188 cases included in the statistical analysis consisted of 93 cases in the treatment group and 95 cases in the control group. The cure rates of chronic endometritis in the dydrogesterone and antibiotic combination group and the single antibiotic group were 86.0% (80/93) and 72.6% (69/95), respectively, with an overall cure rate of 79.3% (149/188). The dydrogesterone and antibiotic combination group showed better effects regarding the cure rate of chronic endometritis (P<.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the cure rate of chronic endometritis was not affected by age, clinical diagnosis, hysteroscopic resection, estrogen receptor status, or progesterone receptor status (all P>.05). Addition of dydrogesterone was effective for the treatment of chronic endometritis with antibiotic treatment in premenopausal women. The study was retrospectively registered to Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000040227) in November 2020.

The neurotoxic effect of isoflurane on age-defined neurons generated from tertiary dentate matrix in mice.

INTRODUCTION: Recent animal studies showed that isoflurane exposure may lead to the disturbance of hippocampal neurogenesis and later cognitive impairment. However, much less is known about the effect of isoflurane exposure on the neurons generated form tertiary dentate matrix, even though a great increase of granule cell population during the infantile period is principally derived from this area. METHODS: To label the new cells originated from the tertiary dentate matrix, the mice were injected with BrdU on postnatal day 6 (P6). Then, the mice were exposed to isoflurane for 4 hr at 1, 8, 21, and 42 days after BrdU injection, and the brains were collected 24 hr later. The loss of newly generated cells/neurons with different developmental stage was assessed by BrdU, BrdU + DCX, BrdU + NeuN, or BrdU + Prox-1 staining, respectively. RESULTS: We found that the isoflurane exposure significantly decreased the numbers of nascent cells (1 day old) and mature neurons (42 days old), but had no effect on the immature (8 days old) and early mature neurons (8 and 21 days old, respectively). CONCLUSION: The results suggested isoflurane exposure exerts the neurotoxic effects on the tertiary dentate matrix-originated cells with an age-defined pattern in mice, which partly explain the cognitive impairment resulting from isoflurane exposure to the young brain.

Thromboelastogram parameters and MTHFR gene polymorphism in the diagnosis of adverse fetal pregnancy outcomes / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To retrospectively analyze the situation of patients with adverse fetal outcomes by thromboelastogram (TEG) parameters and, MTHFR gene polymorphism, so as to provide molecular biological diagnosis basis for patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and a new scheme for early prevention and treatment of women of childbearing age with MTHFR gene polymorphism. 【Methods】 A total of 100 women with adverse fetal pregnancy outcomes were selected as the adverse pregnancy group, and 100 healthy women of childbearing age with normal pregnancy history were selected as the controls. MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). TEG and blood coagulation were detected in the experimental group. 【Results】 The A1298C gene polymorphism(AA、CC、AC; A、C) was similar in both adverse pregnancy group and the controls. The frequency distribution of C, T allele of MTHFR gene C677T was statistically significant (χ2=4.60, P<0.05, OR =1.645, 95% CI: 1.042~2.595). TT and CT+ CC types showed significant different association with the factors of stillbirth(χ2 =7.49, P<0.05). MA value of TEG in the diagnosis of TT type of C677T genotypes MTHFR in 32 patients with adverse pregnancy outcome was analyzed. The area under the AUC curve of MA value was 0.795. 【Conclusion】 MTHFR C677T polymorphism TT with TEG parameter hypercoagulability is an important risk factor in the occurrence of pregnancy stillbirth in adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Correlation between irregular antibody profiles of non-Rh blood group system and incidence of hemolytic disease of the newborn, 53 cases / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To retrospectively analyze the irregular antibodies in 6 blood group systems other than the Rh blood group system in 53 pregnant women and analyze its correlation with the occurrence of hemolytic disease of the newborn(HDN). 【Methods】 19 473 pregnant women were screened for irregular antibodies by microgel detection technology combined with anti-human globulin (IgG+ C3d), and the positive samples screened out were further confirmed to understand the types and titers of irregular antibodies. Irregular antibody type determination experiment: IgG type irregular antibody titer was determined after mercaptoethanol (2-Me) inactivated the serum of the irregular antibody positive specimen, and then IgG and IgM type were determined by comparing the titer levels of irregular antibody. Three hemolysis tests and total bilirubin tests were performed on umbilical cord blood during delivery to analyze the level of jaundice and the occurrence of HDN. 【Results】 53 cases of irregular antibodies other than the Rh blood group system were detected in 19 473 pregnant women, with a positive rate of 0.27%, mainly MNS and Lewis blood group system.The incidence of HDN was 39.6% (21/53). There were 27 cases of IgM, 7 IgG, and 19 IgM + IgG. Comparison of total bilirubin detection between the low titer group (≤8) and the high titer group (>8) : the latter was significantly higher than the former (P<0.05); IgG antibody subtypes: IgG1 of the latter significantly increased (P<0.05), and so was IgG3 in former (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between IgG1, IgG3 and total bilirubin. The area under the curve of IgG1+ IgG3 for HDN diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.953, 0.900, and 0.967, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Other than Rh blood group system, irregular antibodies are mainly distributed in MNS and Lewis blood group system. The incidence of HDN is higher in Kell, Duffy and Kidd blood group systems after producing irregular antibodies. Non-antibody types are mostly IgM type or IgM + IgG mixed, and the incidence of HDN is not high; Patients with poor maternal history, either high or low titer, can be classified into IgG1 and IgG3 in early stages, and those with Abnormal results should be included into the perinatal management of high-risk women with regular checking.

Kaempferol alleviates acute alcoholic liver injury in mice by regulating intestinal tight junction proteins and butyrate receptors and transporters.

An impaired gut-liver axis is a potential factor that contributes to alcoholic liver disease. Specifically, ethanol decreases intestinal integrity and causes gut dysbiosis. Butyrate, a fermentation byproduct of gut microbiota, is negatively altered following acute ethanol exposure. This study aimed to determine whether kaempferol could protect against alcoholic liver injury (AALI) in mice by regulating tight junction (TJ) proteins and butyrate receptors and transporters in intestines. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into five treatment groups: control, ethanol administered (5 g/kg), and the low-, medium- and high-dosage kaempferol (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) treatments. Intestinal expression was evaluated for the TJ proteins ZO-1 and occludin and the butyrate receptor GPR109A and butyrate transporter SLC58A proteins, in addition to plasma ALT and AST levels and pathomorphological changes in liver and intestinal tissues. The expression of the TJ proteins ZO-1 and occludin, butyrate receptors, and butyrate transporters in the ileum and proximal colon decreased in AALI mice, while plasma ALT and AST levels markedly increased. Kaempferol supplementation reversed these effects. These results suggest that kaempferol could serve as a prophylactic treatment against AALI in mice by increasing the expression of butyrate receptors, transporters, and TJ proteins in the intestinal mucosa.

Effect of concentrated growth factors combined with guided tissue regeneration in treatment of classII furcation involvements of mandibular molars / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#Tissues loss due to periodontal disease is typically treated by a variety of regenerative treatment modalities, including bone grafts, guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and growth factors, to reform the supporting tissues of teeth. Concentrated growth factors (CGF) are produced by centrifuging blood samples at alternating and controlled speeds using a special centrifuge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether GTR could improve the effect of CGF combined with bone graft in the treatment of classII furcations of mandibular molars.@*METHODS@#In the present study, thirty-five classII furcation involvements were included and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n=17) accepted GTR combined with CGF and bone graft therapy, and the controlled group (n=18) accepted CGF combined with bone graft therapy. The clinical examinations and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were performed at baseline and 1 year post-surgery. Comparisons of clinical and CBCT data before and after operation between the experimental group and the control group were made.@*RESULTS@#The clinical and CBCT data of both groups were not statistically different at baseline (P>0.05). At the end of 1 year post-surgery, the clinical parameters of both groups were significantly improved (P<0.001). The probing depths of the experimental group were (4.81±1.95) mm and (3.56±1.94) mm, respectively, significantly higher than the changes of the control group (P<0.001). The vertical and horizontal attachment gains of the experimental group were (4.11±1.98) mm and (3.84±1.68) mm, respectively, significantly higher than the changes of the control group (P<0.001). At the end of 1 year post-surgery, the experimental group showed significantly higher bone gain at vertical and horizontal directions compared with those of the control group: (3.84±1.68) and (3.88±2.12) mm, respectively (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Within the limitation of the present study, GTR showed positive role in the effect of CGF combined with bone graft in the treatment of classII furcation involvements of mandibular molars.

Influences on induction and maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by varying combinations of cytokines / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the influences of culture conditions on the in vitro induction and maturation of dendritic cells by using different combinations of cytokines. -ethods Mouse bone mar-row cells were isolated and cultured in media containing varying combinations of cytokines, including granu-locyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L). After cultured at 37℃ for seven days, the attached bone marrow cells were collected and stained by fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies (McAb) against CD11c, MHCⅡ and CD86 for flow cytometry analysis. In the parallel group, LPS was added on day 5 to a final concentration of 1μg/ml for DC maturation analysis by flow cytometry. Results In group Flt3L (20 ng/ml)/GM-CSF (20 ng/ml)/IL-4 (10 ng/ml), 90％ of bone marrow cells were CD11c-positive. Flt3L (100 ng/ml) could induce 88％ of bone marrow cells to express CD11c. Bone marrow cells positive for MHCⅡ accounted for 35. 4％ and 36. 1％ in group Flt3L/GM-CSF/IL-4 and group Flt3L/GM-CSF, where both Flt3L and GM-CSF were used at a concentration of 20 ng/ml. After LPS stimulation, the positive rates of MHCⅡ in group Flt3L/GM-CSF/IL-4 and group Flt3L/GM-CSF were 58. 1％ and 59. 6％, which increased by 22. 7％ and 23. 5％, re-spectively. The percentages of CD86-positive bone marrow cells were 7. 1％ and 5. 5％ in group Flt3L/GM-CSF/IL-4 and group Flt3L/GM-CSF. Bone marrow cells positive for CD86 grew by 7. 1％ and 6. 2％ in group Flt3L (20 ng/ml) and group GM-CSF/IL-4 after LPS stimulation. Conclusions Flt3L and GM-CSF probably dominated the differentiation and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with a synergis-tic effect. Combined usage of Flt3L and GM-CSF at the concentration of 20 ng/ml would be an optimal proto-col for DC research.